| Radiation Therapy (External Beam / IMRT / SBRT) |
Wrong-site radiation, overdose, equipment calibration errors, and unintended tissue damage. Catastrophic claims when treatment planning fails. |
Major premium driver; carriers require documented QA programs, physics checks, and treatment planning verification. |
| Brachytherapy (Internal Radiation) |
Radioactive source implantation carries infection, migration, and dosimetry errors. Source loss or contamination triggers regulatory investigation. |
Significant surcharge; requires nuclear regulatory compliance documentation and radiation safety officer. |
| Chemotherapy Infusion |
Extravasation injuries causing tissue necrosis, anaphylaxis, dosing errors, drug interactions, and failure to monitor for toxicity. |
Premium increase; carriers evaluate infusion protocols, nursing ratios, and emergency response procedures. |
| Surgical Oncology |
Incomplete resection, nerve damage, organ injury, or complications from aggressive debulking procedures. High-severity claims. |
Moves into surgical malpractice tier; premiums significantly higher than medical oncology alone. |
| Immunotherapy / Targeted Therapy |
Immune-related adverse events (colitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis), cytokine release syndrome, and failure to recognize treatment toxicity. |
Growing risk area; carriers evaluate monitoring protocols and toxicity management training. |
| Clinical Trials / Investigational Treatments |
Informed consent disputes, protocol deviations, unexpected adverse events, and IRB compliance failures. Patients in trials may have exhausted standard options. |
Requires clinical trials liability endorsement; some carriers exclude or sublimit. IRB documentation scrutinized. |
| Diagnostic Pathology / Imaging Errors |
Misread biopsies, missed cancers on imaging, wrong staging, or failure to communicate critical findings. Delayed diagnosis is a leading claim type. |
Premium increase; carriers evaluate pathologist qualifications, turnaround times, and peer review processes. |
| Proton Beam Therapy |
Extremely high equipment cost, complex treatment planning, and catastrophic consequences of targeting errors. Limited carrier availability. |
Highest-cost radiation modality to insure; may require specialty placement. Equipment breakdown coverage essential. |