| Epidural Steroid Injections (ESIs) |
Dural puncture, infection, epidural abscess, arachnoiditis, or spinal cord injury. The most frequently performed — and most frequently litigated — pain procedure. |
Significant premium driver; carriers evaluate volume, complication rates, and fluoroscopy use. |
| Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) Implantation |
Surgical implant with infection, lead migration, nerve damage, and device failure risks. Revision surgeries and explants are common claim triggers. |
Major surcharge; may require separate surgical endorsement. Device failure claims can be high-value. |
| Intrathecal Drug Delivery (Pain Pumps) |
Catheter tip granuloma, overdose from pump malfunction, infection, and withdrawal syndrome. Device management adds ongoing exposure. |
Highest-risk pain procedure; significant premium increases. Some carriers decline entirely. |
| Opioid Prescribing (High Volume) |
Addiction, overdose death, and diversion claims. DEA investigations, state board actions, and wrongful death suits are common. |
Major underwriting concern; carriers require documented PDMP use, urine drug screening, treatment agreements, and weaning protocols. |
| Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) |
Nerve injury, skin burns, or unintended tissue damage. Technique and equipment precision are critical. |
Moderate surcharge; carriers evaluate training, equipment maintenance, and complication tracking. |
| Ketamine Infusions |
Off-label use for chronic pain and depression. Dissociative episodes, cardiovascular events, and monitoring requirements during infusions. |
May require specific endorsement or separate coverage. Growing carrier scrutiny as usage increases. |
| Regenerative Medicine (PRP, Stem Cell) |
Limited evidence base; FDA compliance concerns with certain stem cell products. Marketing claims can trigger consumer protection issues. |
Many carriers exclude or sublimit; may require specialty coverage. FDA compliance documentation critical. |
| In-Office Procedure Suite / ASC |
Performing interventional procedures in your own facility adds entity-level exposure for anesthesia complications, equipment failures, and emergency response. |
Adds facility PL on top of individual provider coverage; accreditation and emergency protocols scrutinized. |